Henderson Island may refer to:
Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands), in the southern Pacific Ocean
Henderson Island (Shackleton Ice Shelf), in Antarctica
Henderson Island (Colorado), located in the South Platte River, US; See John D. Henderson
Henderson Island (Kentucky), located in the Ohio River, US; See List of islands by name (H)
Henderson Islets, south-eastern Australia
Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands), in the southern Pacific Ocean
Henderson Island (Shackleton Ice Shelf), in Antarctica
Henderson Island (Colorado), located in the South Platte River, US; See John D. Henderson
Henderson Island (Kentucky), located in the Ohio River, US; See List of islands by name (H)
Henderson Islets, south-eastern Australia